Sample Java Program Using Enum
Javanotes 7. 0, Section 2. Strings, Classes, Objects, and Subroutines. Section 2. 3. The previous section introduced the eight primitive. String. There is a fundamental difference. String Values of type. String are objects. While we will not study objects in detail until. Chapter 5, it will be useful for you to know a. This is not just. Recall that a subroutine is a set of program instructions that have been. A subroutine is designed to perform some. To get that task performed in a program, you can call the subroutine. In Chapter 4. youll learn how to write your own subroutines, but you can get a lot done in a. In. Java, every subroutine is contained either in a class or in an object. Some classes. that are standard parts of the Java language contain predefined subroutines. A value of type String, which is an object, contains. These subroutines are. Sample Java Program Using Enum' title='Sample Java Program Using Enum' />Java language. You can call all these. Indeed, thats the whole point of subroutines A subroutine is a black box. Lets first consider subroutines that are part of a class. One of the. purposes of a class is to group together some variables and subroutines. These variables and subroutines are called static members. Youve seen one example In a class that defines a. The parts. of a class definition that define static members are marked with the reserved. When a class contains a static variable or subroutine, the name of the class is part. For example. the standard class named System contains a subroutine named. JUnit%20Tutorial/Images/10/Image_3.jpg]];var lpix_1=pix_1.length;var p1_0= [[1010' alt='Sample Java Program Using Enum' title='Sample Java Program Using Enum' />To use that subroutine in your program, you must refer to it as. System. exit. This full name consists of the name of the class that contains. This subroutine requires an integer as parameter, so you would actually use it with. System. exit0 Calling System. Java Virtual Machine. You. could use it if you had some reason to terminate the program before the end of. The parameter. tells the computer why the program was terminated. A parameter value of 0. Apricorn Ez Gig Iii Cloning Software'>Apricorn Ez Gig Iii Cloning Software. Any other value indicates that. System. exit1 to indicate that the program is ending because of. The parameter is sent back to the operating system in practice. System is just one of many standard classes that come. Java. Another useful class is called Math. This class gives us an example of a class that contains. It includes the variables Math. PI and Math. E. whose values are the mathematical constants and e. Math also contains a large number of mathematical functions. Every subroutine performs some specific task. For some subroutines, that. Subroutines of this type are. We say that a function. Generally, the returned value is meant to be. You are familiar with the mathematical function that computes the square. The corresponding function in Java is called Math. Java Program to print Fibonacci Series import java. Scanner Java program to calculate and print Fibonacci number using both recursion and Iteration. Java programming language enum types are much more powerful than their counterparts in other languages. The enum declaration defines a class called an enum type. This function is a static member subroutine of the class named Math. If x is any numerical value, then Math. Since Math. sqrtx represents a. Math. sqrtx This doesnt make sense What, after all, would the computer do with the value computed by the. You have to tell the computer to do something with the. You might tell the computer to display it System. Math. sqrtx Display the square root of x. Of. Side Math. sqrtx The function call Math. The Math class contains many static member functions. Here is a. list of some of the more important of them Math. The usual trigonometric functions, Math. Math. cosx, and Math. Wondershare Dvd Creator Keygen more. For all the trigonometric. The inverse trigonometric functions arcsin, arccos, and arctan, which are. Math. asinx, Math. Math. atanx. The return value is expressed in radians, not degrees. The exponential function Math. Math. logx for computing the logarithm of x in the base. Math. powx,y for computing x raised to the power. Math. floorx, which rounds x down to the nearest integer. Even though the return value is. For example. Math. The function Math. Math. ceilx rounds x. Ceil is short for ceiling, the opposite of floor. Math. Math. random lt 1. The computer actually. We will find a lot of uses for Math. For these functions, the type of the parameter the x or y inside. For most of the functions, the value. However, for Math. Math. absx. So, for example, while Math. Math. abs9 is the int value. Note that Math. random does not have any parameter. You still need. the parentheses, even though theres nothing between them. The parentheses let. Another. example of a subroutine that has no parameters is the function. System. current. Time. Millis, from the System class. When this. function is executed, it retrieves the current time, expressed as the number of. One millisecond is one thousandth. The return value of System. Time. Millis is of type. This function can be used to measure the time that it takes the. Just record the time at which the task is begun and. Here is a sample program that performs a few mathematical tasks and reports. On some computers, the time. Even if its not zero, you can be sure that most of the time reported by the. This program performs some mathematical computations and displays the. It also displays the value of the constant Math. PI. It then. reports the number of seconds that the computer spent on this task. Timed. Computation. String args. Time Starting time of program, in milliseconds. Time Time when computations are done, in milliseconds. Time difference, in seconds. Time System. current. Time. Millis. double width, height, hypotenuse sides of a triangle. Math. sqrt widthidth heighteight. System. out. printA triangle with sides 4. System. out. printlnhypotenuse. System. out. printlnn. Mathematically, sinxinx. System. out. printlnLets check this for x 1. System. out. print sin1in1 cos1os1 1 is. System. out. println Math. Math. sin1. Math. Math. cos1 1. System. There can be round off errors when. System. out. printn. Here is a random number. System. out. println Math. System. out. printThe value of Math. PI is. System. Math. PI. end. Time System. Time. Millis. time end. Time start. Time 1. System. out. printn. Run time in seconds was. System. out. printlntime. Timed. Computation. Classes can be containers for static variables and subroutines. However classes also have. They are used to describe objects. In. this role, the class is a type, in the same way that int. That is, the class name can be used to declare. Such variables can only hold one type of value. The values in this case are. An object is a collection of variables and subroutines. Every object has an associated class that tells what type of object it is. The class of an object specifies what subroutines and variables that object contains. All objects defined by the same class are similar in that they contain similar collections. For example, an object might represent a point in the plane. Every point object would have an x and a y. A class, named. Point, for example, could exist to define the common structure of. Point. As another example, lets look again at System. System. is a class, and out is a static variable within that class. However, the value of. System. out is an object, and System. System. out. You dont need to. System. out. is an object of the class Print. Stream. Print. Stream is another. Java. Any object of type. Print. Stream is a destination to which information can be printed. Print. Stream has a println. The object. System. System. out. println is a subroutine that sends information to that particular. Iphone Unlocker Pro'>Iphone Unlocker Pro. Other objects of type Print. Stream might send information.